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    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/claire-growney</loc>
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    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-04-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/5dcea2c3-e40f-4c7f-b138-a0a378558f56/Growney%2C+Claire+-+headshot.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Claire Growney</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/claire-jordan</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2022-12-09</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/f396d01e-50c5-410f-ac40-57a0a101d92f/claire+life-span+photo.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Claire Jordan</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/mary-rose-bell</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-04-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/cd0792e0-75ab-4e8b-9d26-db8b1fe62ff4/Mary+Rose+Headshot.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Mary Rose Bell</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/tk-volunteering</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-09-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/bac3bd7a-d44f-4a47-97a9-7d19384f3b29/Volunteers.png</image:loc>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/anna-pot</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-04-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/0d6aeee4-9ef2-4f99-9669-a4edf2a735df/thumbnail_profilepic_anna.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Anna Pot</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/jane-stephenson</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-04-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/020d898e-8831-413e-8dea-8f4bc812c5a4/Jane+Stephenson--5.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Jane Stephenson</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/kathrine-whitman</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-04-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/f3b85bf9-527e-4113-ab53-a059474d9548/KathrineHeadshot.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Kathrine Whitman</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/art</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-01-15</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/ftp-1-1</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-18</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/research</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-07-02</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/1593811773459-TWOS3KT89YP4XJ830WBP/vidar-nordli-mathisen-s-vhziQHngM-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research | - Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST)</image:title>
      <image:caption>Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST) is grounded in the uniquely human ability to monitor time (Carstensen, 1993, 2006; Carstensen, Isaacowitz, &amp; Charles, 1999). According to SST, a core constellation of goals operates throughout adulthood, including basic goals associated with attachment and control as well as goals associated with instrumental needs and emotional gratification. The key postulate of SST is that the relative importance of goals within this constellation changes as a function of future time horizons. Because chronological age is inversely associated with actual and perceived time left in life, systematic age differences emerge in preferred goals. Importantly, according to SST, age differences in goal hierarchies reflect perceived future time more than time since birth (viz., chronological age). When the future is perceived as long and nebulous, as it typically is in youth, future-oriented goals related to gathering information and expanding horizons are prioritized over emotional gratification. When time horizons are constrained, present-oriented goals related to emotional satisfaction and meaning are prioritized over goals associated with long-term rewards.  All told, the body of research about social and emotional aging suggests that, relative to younger people, older people enjoy relatively stable and positive emotional experience in daily life, focus on positive more than negative information, and prioritize meaningful activities over activities related to individual achievement and exploration. Together, these qualities represent a significant source of social capital.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/1593812980094-1SPXIZHO78W8K9H3JG5P/benjamin-ranger-F2TdtctaxdQ-unsplash.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research | - Future Time Perspective (FTP) Scale</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Future Time Perspective (FTP) scale, developed by Laura Carstensen and Frieder Lang, can be administered on paper or online. The FTP scale includes ten items answered by indicating agreement on a 7-point Likert-type scale (from 1= very untrue, to 7 = very true).  The last three items of the Future Time Perspective scale (#s 8-10) are reverse coded.  When scoring the measure, researchers calculate the participant’s mean scores. There are no defined cutoffs for interpreting FTP scores. Prior research shows a linear relationship between chronological age and time horizons. The strength of the relationship varies as a function of the age range in the sample; nearly always, the relationship is positive high scores indicative of long time horizons.  Download the FTP Scale</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/1751421676440-KMD0G8UZV1OCYFCPGUQV/unsplash-image-zYwIaTWr55g.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research | - Appreciation of Remaining Time (ART) Scale</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Appreciation of Remaining Time (ART) scale, developed by Laura Carstensen, can be administered on paper or online. The ART scale includes four items answered by indicating agreement on a 7-point Likert-type scale (from 1= very untrue, to 7 = very true). When scoring the measure, researchers calculate the participant’s mean scores, with higher scores indicating placing greater value on time. There are no defined cutoffs for interpreting FTP scores. The ART scale was created to measure the subjective change that results from perceiving a limited time horizons (as measured by FTP). Research to date shows that the ART scale is positively associated with emotional well-being, subjective happiness, life satisfaction, and (inversely) depressive symptoms independent of age. Both the ART and FTP are correlated with age and with one another but appear to tap distinct aspects of time orientation.  Download the ART Scale</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://lifespan.stanford.edu/giraf</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-18</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5eff2dd693c6c77d789088f8/26b4c46a-e264-4b13-a153-97fce94f9771/Untitled+design+%281%29.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>GIRAF - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>GIRAF: A Generated Image Repository of Aging Faces An open-access database of AI-generated faces that represent the same individuals at three life stages (young adulthood, middle age, and older adulthood) including equal numbers of males and females. The database includes 62 individuals and 186 images (each individual at three life stages). Each image has been age-normed and validated for authenticity. Although the database will be useful for many research questions, the stimuli are especially well-suited for research on age comparisons because the same individuals can be presented at different ages. Citation: Pot, A., Carstensen, L.L. (2025). A generated image repository of aging faces. Scientific Data 12, 1610. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05909-6 Access: The GIRAF images, as well as norming data, are located in their own repository on OSF: https://osf.io/vfn5c.  The database consists of faces of 62 individuals, 31 male and 31 female. Each individual is portrayed at a younger age, middle-age and older age. Age-norming data is available in the validation_results.csv file. This file also contains results of the authenticity of the faces, whether they are indistinguishable from photographs of real people. Updates: We are working on expanding the database to include different emotional expressions.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
</urlset>

